SKU: 13640725250

Expelling the Poor: Atlantic Seaboard States and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of American Immigration Policy

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Expelling the Poor: Atlantic Seaboard States and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of American Immigration PolicyHistorians have long assumed that immigration to the United States was free from regulation until anti Asian racism on the West Coast triggered the introduction of federal laws to restrict Chinese immigration in the 1880s. Studies of European immigration and government control on the East Coast have, meanwhile, focused on Ellis Island, which opened in 1892. In this groundbreaking work, Hidetaka Hirota reinterprets the origins of immigration

Historians have long assumed that immigration to the United States was free from regulation until anti-Asian racism on the West Coast triggered the introduction of federal laws to restrict Chinese immigration in the 1880s. Studies of European immigration and government control on the East Coast have, meanwhile, focused on Ellis Island, which opened in 1892.

In this groundbreaking work, Hidetaka Hirota reinterprets the origins of immigration restriction in the United States, especially deportation policy, offering the first sustained study of immigration control conducted by states prior to the introduction of federal immigration law. Faced with the influx of impoverished Irish immigrants over the first half of the nineteenth century, nativists in New York and Massachusetts built upon colonial poor laws to develop policies for prohibiting the landing of destitute foreigners and deporting those already resident to Europe, Canada, or other American states. These policies laid the foundations for federal immigration law. By investigating state officials' practices of illegal removal, including the overseas deportation of citizens, this book reveals how the state-level treatment of destitute immigrants set precedents for the use of unrestricted power against undesirable aliens. It also traces the transnational lives of the migrants from their initial departure from Ireland and passage to North America through their expulsion from the United States and postdeportation lives in Europe, showing how American deportation policy operated as part of the broader exclusion of nonproducing members from societies in the Atlantic world.

By locating the roots of American immigration control in cultural prejudice against the Irish and, more essentially, economic concerns about their poverty in nineteenth-century New York and Massachusetts, Expelling the Poor fundamentally revises the history of American immigration policy.

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SKU: 13640725250

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Cheryl
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 5
You won't be sorry
Size: 10.5-11.5 Women/9-10 Men, Color: Black
Great padding for comfort and terrific warmth. I bought a pair of Acorns 30 years ago and still have them. Updated to a new color and now feel the benefit of newer padding! I used the sizing listed for shoes and like the roominess for thicker sox. Well made and a joy to put on. (Wisconsin)
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Reviewed in the United States on December 25, 2025
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Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
Great Slippers
Size: 12-13 Women/10.5-11.5 Men, Color: Charcoal
Comfy, great price, looks great, fits well, size aligned, great quality. Love these slippers.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 16, 2026
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Amazon Customer
Belleville, US
★★★★★ 5
Extremely comfortable, leather sole. Hard to find a style.
Size: 13.5-14.5 Women/12-13 Men, Color: Navy Blue, Size: 13.5-14.5 Women/12-13 Men, Color: Navy Blue
Totally worth the price. This type of style is very hard to find, my husband had another pair a few years ago that he was never able to replace. These fit his wide feet and are very comfortable. The elastic at the ankle is not too tight. So glad I was able to find him a replacement. We bought the blue in a size 12. Love the fact that they are washable.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 12, 2026
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Michael Arnhold
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 5
Very comfortable Slippers. Great buy!
Size: 12-13 Women/10.5-11.5 Men, Color: Charcoal
I bought these to replace a pair of slippers that I have had for years that are very similar to the slippers I bought, but I had worn a hole in the leather on mine, so I had to find something new and similar. These slippers are worth the money they are very comfortable, and I am sure they will last for years. They are a little tight around the ankle cuff but they are still new and I am sure they will wear in a little more when I start wearing them more.
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Jenn
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 3
Great slippers but disappointing quality.
Size: 7.5-8.5 Women/6-7 Men, Color: Ash, Size: 7.5-8.5 Women/6-7 Men, Color: Ash
Extremely comfortable, attractive slippers but the stitching came loose on both leather trim areas almost immediately. I tried to sew/glue down the stitching (as seen in photo) but it kept unraveling. Disappointing as these slippers are great in every other way (though they do run a bit big...I wear a 9 but ended up with a 7.5-8.5 which fits with a bit of room to spare even with thick socks). I just hope they hold up after my latest attempt to stop the thread from pulling out any more as I do really love wearing them. Perhaps I just got a bum pair?
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Reviewed in the United States on April 3, 2024

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