SKU: 5000325514

IBG 1/72 Turkish PZL P.24G Fighter 72525

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IBG 1/72 Turkish PZL P.24G Fighter 72525Plastic model kit, assembly required. Glue, paint and finishing supplies not included. The P. 11F was the third (after P. 11c and P. 7a) most numerous version in the long line of PZL fighters based on the seagull wing concept of Eng. Zygmunt Puawski. Its history starts in the fall of 1934, when after the development of a new, significantly modified version of the P. 11 fighter (P. 11c see IBG set No. 72519), PZL factory began efforts to attract

Plastic model kit, assembly required. Glue, paint and finishing supplies not included.

 The P.11F was the third (after P.11c and P.7a) most numerous version in the long line of PZL fighters based on the seagull-wing concept of Eng. Zygmunt Puławski.
Its history starts in the fall of 1934, when after the development of a new, significantly modified version of the P.11 fighter (P.11c – see IBG set No. 72519), PZL factory began efforts to attract foreign customers for the airplane. The first step was the presentation of the fifth P.11 (P.11/V) prototype at the Paris Air Show in November and December of 1934. Romania, which had previously purchased 50 aircraft of the P.11B version from PZL (see IBG set No. 72518), decided to purchase the license for production of the latest variant, which was to be built at Industria Aeronautică Română (IAR) in Brașov. The order was placed at the beginning of 1935 – PZL factory was to provide documentation, a complete prototype and sets of prefabricated materials and spare parts constituting the equivalent of 10 airframes. However, the transaction dragged on due to numerous political and financial obstacles. Ultimately, the aforementioned prototype (P.11/V with an engine changed to IAR 9K) was handed over to the Romanian side only at the beginning of 1936.
Production, launched with the support of Polish engineers, began at the end of 1936 and was based partly on products manufactured in Poland – the most characteristic ones are the Szomański propellers and Stomil tires.
In comparison to the P.11c, the Romanian version differed in the engine and its covers (IAR 9K rated at 600 HP), propeller, armament (4x 7.92 mm FN Browning Modèle 1932, which, owing to their rate of fire, made with the P.11F the best-armed version of the P.11), gunsights, Romanian flight instruments and other smaller equipment details.
The commencement of production of the all-metal P.11F with a partly semi-monocoque fuselage represented a significant technological change for the IAR factory, which until then produced only airframes of mixed construction with truss hulls. The newly acquired experience with all-metal constructions turned out to be invaluable for the Romanian aviation industry and finally paid off a few years later during the construction of the most famous Romanian aircraft – the IAR 80.
As a result of the aforementioned delays, the first P.11F fighters were introduced into first-line units of romanian aviation only in July 1937. The last, ninety-fifth, airplane produced was handed over in November 1938. Due to the rapid development of aviation technology, it was no longer the youngest construction, but compared to the aviation of other Balkan countries, the 95 Romanian P.11F was a significant force. In 1939, however, much more powerful opponents appeared on the horizon.
P.11F were ready to defend the Romanian sky during the crises of 1940 (when the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia in June and between July and September during the dispute with Hungary over Transylvania), invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941 and finally took active part in Operation Barbarossa – performing mainly ground-attack missions. At the end of that year, they were withdrawn from the Eastern Front and transferred to Romanian air defense and training units. Eventually the last units in schools ended their service in 1948.
In addition to one prototype built at the PZL factory, 95 machines were produced in the IAR plant in Brașov (numbers 51-145) between 1936 and 1938. Unfortunately no P.11F fighter survives today.

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Thomas M. Magee
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 3
Insightful but troubled
Format: Hardcover
This book could have been so much more but it fell short. The book does capture a new phenomenon sweeping the world. The growth of social media is that phenomenon. The book does a good job chronicling the growth of social media and its impact on a general scale. Through that growth opportunities were created. The book does a good job of listing how people, groups and countries exploit these opportunities. They advance their respective agenda various ways on social media. I loved the pages which talked about how AI can create fake news with all of the authenticity of an eye witness account. The book lists impacts of these trends with crystal clear words. You can see impact clearer than any other source out there. The negative is the bias of the authors. Who the authors voted for in the last election screams out with every chapter. They use the topic as a club to bash republicans, President Trump, and conservatives. They miss how Democrats were playing the same games as Trump before Trump. This bias causes a reader to lose the message and dangers through politics. David Plouffe, the Obama campaign manager in his book "The Audacity to Win" said he used social media in 08 election. Funny how these people ignore those events to focus on what Republicans do. I also think their constant drum beat of what the Russians do creates a false election that they stole the election. The authors forget the failed policies of Hillary.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 1, 2019
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Peter Mario Ricci
Chelsea, US
★★★★★ 5
Great book!
Format: Paperback, Format: Paperback
Great book. I really appreciate that it was written. It’s very interesting, informative and unfortunately the themes are very relevant at this time. Would definitely recommend the book to anyone interested.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 18, 2025
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The Professor
Battle Creek, US
★★★★★ 5
Documents the influence of American Eugenics on the Holocaust
Format: Hardcover
American Court decisions, and what some call the genocide of Native Americans, was one major source of inspiration behind Nazi policy against both the Jews and people that the eugenic scientists considered inferior races. American policy also was very influential in inspiring the Nazi goal of lebensraum, expanding the Germanic population and reducing, and making slaves, of the Slavic peoples (Poles, Russians and other Eastern populations). Following Hitler's rise to power, Lebensraum became an ideological goal of Nazism and provided for them justification for the German territorial expansion into East-Central Europe. After all, the Americans decimated the naïve population of America so, the Nazis reasoned, how is that different from the decimation the native population of Eastern Europe? Some even referred to Ukrainians and other Slavic people as "Indians." Reservations for Native Americans was a factor justifying the concentration camps for Jews, only a few of which were death camps, and this is one reason why the Nazis got away with the Holocaust for so long. It was not until after the war when the Soviets liberated the death camps that we knew for certain the extent of the genocide goal of the Nazis. The main extermination camps were Belzec, Sobibór and Treblinka, which served as "death factories." Auschwitz II–Birkenau was a combination concentration/extermination camp. Anti-Semites, eugenicists and racists inspired by Darwinism in the U.S. helped inspire those in Germany, and vice versa. The US was “a global leader in ‘scientific’ eugenics,” so naturally the German scientists would have to rely on American research and law (page 8). The author covered only briefly the well-documented important influence of Darwin and mentioned evolution only in connection with the evolution of racism (p, 114). Conversely, the eugenics idea and movement was discussed 28 times, such as page 8 where the author documents that eugenics was the basis of both the Nazi Germany and American discrimination laws and policy. The support of the U.S. to Nazi German went well beyond that. U.S. bankers and industry, even the weapons industry, invested heavily in the Nazis war machine. Nazis borrowed ideas from U.S. books, such as the 1916 American best seller racist book titled The Passing of the Great Race and other propaganda, such as that developed in World War I. The U.S. refused to admit significant numbers of Jewish refugees, such as in 1939 the United States refused to admit over 900 Jewish refugees who had sailed from Hamburg, Germany, on the St. Louis to the West. Denied permission to land in the United States, the ship was forced to return to Europe where many died in Nazi German camps. The most famous example is the State Department rejected Anne Frank's attempt to enter the United States (pages 53,116, 149).
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Reviewed in the United States on October 29, 2017
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OLD1mIKE
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 4
Interesting and Informative
Format: Kindle
Interesting and informative. This is a book about German political leaders and how they perceived the United States, its culture and it’s laws. Although it touches on the American culture and legal system, it is mostly comprised of quotes from German writers, lawyers and politicians. It’s worth reading if you are interested in how the German goverment evolved the laws supporting the eventual persecution of its Jewish citizens. This is a book about Germany and makes some high level generic observations on American Eugenics and Race Laws. It is informative and makes some interesting observations on our race laws, but if you’re more interested in the United States race law history, I would recommend something more focused the United States.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 1, 2023
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Silesia
Lowell, US
★★★★★ 5
Much Better than its Title.
Format: Hardcover
The author, Professor of Comparative and Foreign Law at the Yale Law School, tells us in the Acknowledgments that Princeton U. Press received from some of its referees "suitably bilious responses", validating his decision to bypass commercial publishers. Still, James Q. Whitman assures us time and again that he has nothing nefarious in mind, that Hitler's extermination ideology was not made in the USA, as the title may suggest. Instead, he brings to light the keen scholarly interest nationalist and Nazi German jurists took in contemporary American race legislation and Jim Crow practices. By separating the racist dimension of the "American Legal Realism" of the 1930s from its larger liberal context, Whitman arrives at the true nexus with its German counterpart. The " 'realists' of both countries shared the same eagerness to smash the obstacles that 'formalistic' legal science put in the way of 'life' and politics - and 'life' in both New Deal America and Nazi Germany did not include only economic programs (...). 'Life' also involved racism." (p. 156) The author's familiarity with both, the German and American legal landscapes of the 1930s and 40s and his painstakingly sober analysis, assure this reader that the book is exactly NOT "spellbinding and haunting", as one dust-cover reviewer sees it. The topic could be embedded in the larger history of the American eugenics movement, so carefully illuminated by Christine Rosen (Preaching Eugenics (Oxford, 2004) who cites this opinion of the great Oliver Wendell Holmes, abbreviated in our book: "It is better for all the world, if instead of waiting to execute degenerate offspring for crime, or to let them starve for their imbecility, society can prevent those who are manifestly unfit from continuing their kind. Three generations of imbeciles are enough." (p.150) As contemporaries of the Trump era, we may want to stop and reflect on Whitman's somber conclusion "(...) To have a common-law system like that of America is to have a system in which the traditions of the law do indeed have litte power to ride herd on the demands of the politicians, and when the politics is bad, the law can be very bad indeed." (p.159) Professor Whitman summarizes his interpretation of recent literature that support his thesis as follows: "All of these works paint a darker picture of early twentieth-century American intellectual and political life than we might wish. So does this book." Makes it a timely one, doesn't it ?
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Reviewed in the United States on March 10, 2017

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